I Wanna Be Special: Plath and Nazi Germany

Sylvia Plath is a poet who writes in a confessional style. Her poetry shows her strong opinions towards patriarchy. By examining her works and researching her past, one can see that the two prominent male figures in her past are her father and Ted Hughes, her husband. In her poetry Plath uses Nazi Germany as a metaphor for the oppressive system of patriarchy women live under, while she portrays the victim as Jews. Two examples of poems where this appears are â€Å"Lady Lazarus† and â€Å"Daddy†. Because the Holocaust is such a sensitive subject, there are two schools of thought to Plath's metaphor. One belief is that she belittles the Holocaust. The other belief is that a metaphor is simply a metaphor. Obviously, Plath has no first hand knowledge if she uses the metaphor so trivially. There are aspects of Plath's works that people may find hard to understand if they don't know about her history. To understand Plath's poetry, one has to understand Plath. Sylvia Plath writes confessional poetry. Because she writes in this confessional style, those who study her work must become familiar with her past. Confessional poetry is when poets write about their own experiences; thoughts, feelings, and experiences become the basis of the poetry. Thus the poems become an expression of poet's innermost person. Unlike other forms of poetry, confessional takes its material directly from the life of the poet. The tone of Plath's poetry is decidedly depressing. During her life, Plath became suicidal. As a child, she almost drowned, and later attempted to kill herself before actually succeeding. These experiences become strong influences on Plath's poetry. Anne Sexton was another confessional poet. She met Plath at a poetry workshop and the two became good friends. When writing poems, one would call the other to get input and suggestions, or just to talk about the happenings in their lives. However, there remains a main difference between Plath's poetry and Sexton's poetry: Anne Sexton was not originally a writer, but a housewife. When the stresses became too much for her, she went to therapy. During one of her sessions, her psychiatrist suggested that she begin writing poetry to help her get at the root of her problems. The largest problem that Plath had was with the institution of patriarchy that surrounded her. In her poetry, she expresses her negative emotions towards patriarchy. Plath was a daughter, wife, and mother through her life. These titles also came with roles that were dictated to her by the patriarchal structure. Because she was forced into all of these roles, and expected to fulfil them all, Plath resented those who forced her into these roles, and her displeasure becomes quite evident in her poetry. There are two major male figures in Plath's life; father and husband. Her father, Otto Plath, originally lived in Grabow Poland and spoke German. He moved to the United States when he was 15, and later taught at Boston University (Modern Poetry, p. 1417). Yet he died while Plath was still quite young. His daughter, Silvia Plath, became very resentful towards her father. This resentment is most strongly found in her poem â€Å"Daddy†. Plath's husband, Ted Hughes, was also a writer. However, he did not approve of the writing of his wife. He tried to discourage her from writing, to stay home and raise a family. Many today blame Hughes for the death of Plath, and believe that he is responsible for her committing suicide. Due to the experiences that she has with patriarchy, it is understandable that Plath carried resentments. These feelings were so strong that she used Nazi Germany as a metaphor for patriarchy. However, this brought about many conflicts; while some critics defended her use of the Holocaust imagery, others vehemently defended that she was in fact belittling what the Jewish people suffered through. In the poem â€Å"Daddy†, Plath openly attacks her father. â€Å"Daddy, I have had to kill you. / You died before I had time† (Daddy, 6-7). She verbally demonstrates her need to hurt and to kill him; he is the symbol of patriarchy from her early life. Plath resents the fact that he died before she could remove him from his strong patriarchical role. This resentment grew until she began to see oppression everywhere: I have always been scared of you, Wish your Luftwaffe, your gobbledygoo. And your neat moustache And your Aryan eye, bright and blue (â€Å"Daddy†, 41-44). Plath associates her fathers' German features to Nazi features. This particular comparison also strongly draws upon a militaristic image. As â€Å"Luftwaffe† means Air Force in German, she is quite obviously comparing patriarchy to military. The idea of someone with power over her terrifies Plath. Since patriarchy is seen as oppressive Nazi Germany, Plath sees herself as an oppressed Jew. A sort of walking miracle, my skin Bright as a Nazi lampshade, My right foot A paperweight, My face a featureless, fine Jew linen (â€Å"Lady Lazarus†, 4-9) A few images from the Holocaust are drawn here. Plath places herself in a situation where she is the victim. She draws on the idea of how Jewish people were skinned for lampshades as how badly men treat women. Because of the metaphor she uses, Plath's poetry has sparked some serious debate. Many critics state that the use of Nazi Germany in that metaphor is very inappropriate. By using Nazi Germany as a metaphor for patriarchy, Plath accomplishes nothing, save to belittle the Holocaust. The Holocaust is the single worst event in the history of human civilization. Its uniqueness is what set it apart from other tragic events in our history. Yet some argue that if it is inappropriate to use Nazi Germany as a metaphor, then other events, such as slavery could be excluded as well. Slavery of blacks is another tragic event that can be used as a metaphor. However, it is this writer's opinion that there is too great a difference between the slavery of blacks and the Holocaust. If one looks at statistics for the death of slaves and compare it to statistics for the death of Jewish people, one will see that the numbers are relatively similar. The difference lies in the fact that the slave totals come from many years, while Jewish total are only from five years. While slavery was still common, it was possible for a slave to escape relative harm; He (or she) could follow all the rules and be treated as well as other livestock. During the Holocaust there were no rules for Jewish people to follow. There was no such thing as a good Jew, and they were all treated worse than animals. Given the evidence of Plath's poetry, it is quite evident that she did not fully understand the atrocities of the Holocaust. Her knowledge only extended to that which most people already knew. And therefore she was not fully informed of the subject of which she trivialized. However, other critics defend Plath's use of the metaphor by reinforcing that fact that it is simply a metaphor, and is doing what it should. It is a common argument that sometimes a metaphor is simply a metaphor. The purpose of a metaphor is to compare two completely unrelated ideas, to shock the audience into looking at the intended subject in a new light. Rose, a critic of Plath, says that she uses the shocking imagery of comparing the Holocaust to patriarchy to entice strong reactions from the reader, and if one dismissed her comparison, then one can be expected to dismiss the very idea of a metaphor. To dictate what ideas can and can't be used in metaphor negates all metaphors. The Holocaust is not alone in the history of tragic events. If one argues that the Holocaust was horrible, one should also accept that there are other horrific occurrences. Mass slaughters are not an uncommon part of ancient history. During the time of Nero Caesar, Christians who would not bow down to the likeness of the Caesar were thrown into lion pits to be killed. African slaves, who did not obey every order of their masters, were beaten. European explorers who first explored the Americas, killed countless natives, and brought more over seas to become slaves. If one wishes to look at statistics, the number of people killed in the Holocaust, is almost the same as the number of women killed through patriarchal society. Sylvia Plath was a poet who wrote her poems for others to read. Her metaphor of comparing patriarchy to Nazi Germany is used to shock audiences into seeing the severity of oppression that women face. However, to achieve this shock, she lessens the impact of the Holocaust. Many defend that Plath is simply using a metaphor the way it should be used. In this writer's opinion, because Plath used the Holocaust just to shock readers, is why she is belittling it. If she wrote the way Anne Sexton did before being published – that is, for personal reasons – this writer would not have a problem. As it is, the comparison was written for all to see. By being so public in her trivialization of that happened to the Jewish people, Plath's only accomplishment is to embarrass herself with writing that isn't poor, but shows a decided lack of judgement.

Management course paper

Roger and Roethlisberger state in their highly acclaimed article â€Å"Barriers and Gateway to  Communication† that one of the major barriers effecting interpersonal communication  between two human beings is the evaluative nature of Human Beings. In a typical inter  personal communication between two individuals each person tries to evaluate the attitude of  the partner towards oneself. Furthermore each party looks for signs of negative perception  about oneself in the eyes of the partner at the same time passing negative judgment about the  partner. So essentially an individual analyzes the communication to determine the answers to  following questions; What is his/her attitude towards me? What does he/she think about me and my opinion and ideas? What do I think about him/her (What kind of a person is he?)? Thus in the process of finding answers to these questions people tend to miss out the main  points and the true meaning of what the partner is trying to say. This situation leads to  misunderstanding and the communication turns into an argument which may further  deteriorate into a verbal war. Roger and Roethlisberger propose that active listening helps to make the communication  effective. Active listening means that a person must be able to understand what exactly  his/her partner is trying to say? This can be achieved when one understands the emotions and  feelings of the partner and perceives the partner’s words as the partner perceives them. Thus  in a communication each individual must restate their partners words to their partners  satisfaction, this ensures that the person gets the true meaning of his partners statements. Perceiving the others frame of mind is only possible when one checks his tendency to [1]  evaluate, thus effective listening is not an easy task in fact it is a skill which has to be  gradually developed.  Roger and Roethlisberger further propose that when interpersonal communication takes  place at a group level it becomes difficult to perceive the opponents frame of mind so using a  mediator who restates the statements of each person or group helps to solve the problem.  When an individual knows that his statements are being restated to his satisfaction and the  fact that he is being understood mollifies him, he in turn tries to understand what his  opponent wants to say? And the communication progresses effectively and a solution to the  problem in discussion is easily achieved. Answer to Question 2 The process of active listening in an interpersonal communication requires that an individual  empathies with the partner. This is accomplished by perceiving the world as perceived by the  partner, however involving oneself in the frame of reference of another individual may lead  to unwanted outcomes. The following is a list of unwanted possibilities that may occur due to  extreme empathy. A person may begin to appreciate others ideas over his own.  His priorities may be replaced by someone else’s. An individual may loose his identity and his personality may be altered.  He may be manipulated by the person he is empathizing with or other people may   perceive he is being manipulated or is working under someone’s influence.  Because of these reasons people tend to be afraid of active listening, furthermore active  listening is possible only when both the parties engaging in an interpersonal communication  are willing to implement the techniques of active listening. In case only one individual  practices active listening while the other continues in an argumentative mode then the  individual who is using active listening may be discouraged in doing so and may resort to  adopt an argumentative approach. The fear of active listening is more apparent in real life work environment. In an organization  every individual is accountable to their immediate boss and is responsible for their immediate  subordinates. The manager looks at all things from a broader perspective and is responsible  for activities of all his subordinates, thus he has to make sure that the function that is  delegated to him synchronizes well with other organizational function in the process of  achieving the organizational objective. A subordinate on the other hand works on a narrower  perspective and is only responsible for the job allotted to him or the team to which he  belongs, so a subordinate is only concerned with the problem that he faces in the process of  accomplishing his task. In an interpersonal communication between the manager and a subordinate the manager  stands the risk of loosing his priorities if he applies active listening. Let us consider a factual  case where a group of laborers present their problems to a manager who is genuinely  concerned about his subordinates as well as the company as a whole. If the manager gets  totally involved in his perception of the subordinates frame of reference then he looses his  perspective and begins to evaluate the situation from a narrower perspective in doing so he  forgets to analyze the situation from the organizational point of view and rather takes works  on the problem at a personal level. Thus active listening is best practiced when the manager is capable of using the technique  without getting deeply involved in subordinate’s frame of reference. Managers who  successfully employ active listening are able to make their subordinates feel good and this  also helps in motivating the subordinates, furthermore managers who practice active listening  are capable of gaining their subordinates trust and respect. (Roger & Roethlisberger) [1] Roger and Roethlisberger (Barriers and Gateway to communication 1991)   

The Palace of Minos at Knossos in Ancient Crete

The Palace of Minos at Knossos is one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world. Located on Kephala Hill on the island of Crete in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Greece, Knossos palace was the political, social and cultural center of the Minoan culture during the Early and Middle Bronze Age. Founded at least as early as 2400 BC, its power was greatly diminished, but not completely dissipated, by the eruption of Santorini about 1625 BC. Whats perhaps more important, perhaps, is that the ruins of Knossos Palace are the cultural heart of the Greek myths Theseus fighting the Minotaur, Ariadne and her ball of string, Daedalus the architect and doomed Icarus of the waxwings; all reported by Greek and Roman sources but almost certainly much older. The earliest representation of Theseus fighting the minotaur is illustrated on an amphora from the Greek island of Tinos dated 670-660 BC Palaces of the Aegean Culture The Aegean culture known as Minoan is the Bronze Age civilization that flourished on the island of Crete during the second and third millennia BC. The city of Knossos was one of its main cities—and it contained its largest palace after the shattering earthquake that marks the beginning of the New Palace period in Greek archaeology, ca. 1700 BC. Palaces of the Minoan culture were likely not simply residences of a ruler, or even a ruler and his family, but rather held a public function, where others could enter and use (some of) the palace facilities where staged performances took place. The palace at Knossos, according to legend the palace of King Minos, was the largest of the Minoan palaces, and the longest-lived building of its type, remaining throughout the Middle and Late Bronze Ages as the focal point of the settlement. Knossos Chronology In the early 20th century, Knossos excavator Arthur Evans pegged the rise of Knossos to the Middle Minoan I period or about 1900 BC; archaeological evidence since then has found the first public feature on Kephala Hill—a deliberately leveled rectangular plaza or court—was constructed as early as the Final Neolithic (ca 2400 BC, and the first building by Early Minoan I-IIA (ca 2200 BC). This chronology is based in part on that of John Youngers plain-jane Aegean chronology, which I highly recommend. Late Helladic (Final Palatial) 1470-1400, Greek take over of CreteLate Minoan/Late Helladic 1600-1470 BCMiddle Minoan (Neo-Palatial) 1700-1600 BC (Linear A, the eruption of Santorini, ca 1625 BC)Middle Minoan (Proto-Palatial) 1900-1700 BC (peripheral courts established, the heyday of the Minoan culture)Early Minoan (Pre-Palatial), 2200-1900 BC, court complex started by EM I-IIA including the first Court buildingFinal Neolithic or Pre-Palatial 2600-2200 BC (first central courtyard of what would become the palace at Knossos begun in FN IV) The stratigraphy is difficult to parse because there were several major episodes of earth-moving and terrace building, so much so that earth moving must be considered a nearly constant process that began on Kephala hill at least as early as EM IIA, and probably starts with the very end of the Neolithic FN IV. Knossos Palace Construction and History The palace complex at Knossos was begun in the PrePalatial period, perhaps as long ago as 2000 BC, and by 1900 BC, it was fairly close to its final form. That form is the same as other Minoan palaces such as Phaistos, Mallia and Zakros: a large single building with a central courtyard surrounding by a set of rooms for various purposes. The palace had perhaps as many as ten separate entrances: those on the north and west served as the main entryways. Around 1600 BC, one theory goes, a tremendous earthquake shook the Aegean Sea, devastating Crete as well as the Mycenaean cities on the Greek mainland. Knossos palace was destroyed; but the Minoan civilization rebuilt almost immediately on top of the ruins of the past, and indeed the culture reached its pinnacle only after the devastation. During the Neo-Palatial period [1700-1450 BC], the Palace of Minos covered nearly 22,000 square meters (~5.4 acres) and contained storage rooms, living quarters, religious areas, and banquet rooms. What appears today to be a jumble of rooms connected by narrow passageways may well have given rise to the myth of the Labyrinth; the structure itself was built of a complex of dressed masonry and clay-packed rubble, and then half-timbered. Columns were many and varied in the Minoan tradition, and the walls were vividly decorated with frescoes. Architectural Elements The palace at Knossos was renowned for its unique light emanating from its surfaces, the results of the liberal use of gypsum (selenite) from a local quarry as a building material and ornamental element. Evans reconstruction used a grey cement, which made a huge difference to the way its seen. Restoration efforts are underway to remove the cement and restore the gypsum surface, but they have moved slowly, because removing the greyish cement mechanically is detrimental to the underlying gypsum. Laser removal has been attempted and may prove a reasonable answer. The main source of water at Knossos initially was at the spring of Mavrokolymbos, about 10 kilometers away from the palace and conveyed by way of a system of terracotta pipes. Six wells in the near vicinity of the palace served potable water beginning ca. 1900-1700 BC. A sewer system, which connected toilets flushed with rainwater to large (79x38 cm) drains, had secondary pipelines, lightwells and drains and in total exceeds 150 meters in length. It has also been suggested as the inspiration for the labyrinth myth. Ritual Artifacts of the Palace at Knossos The Temple Repositories are two large stone-lined cists on the west side of the central court. They contained a variety of objects, that were placed as a shrine either in Middle Minoan IIIB or Late Minoan IA, following earthquake damage. Hatzaki (2009) argued that the pieces were not broken during the earthquake, but rather were ritually broken after the earthquake and ritually laid down. The artifacts in these repositories include faience objects, ivory objects, antlers, fish vertebrae, a snake goddess figurine, other figurines, and figurine fragments, storage jars, gold foil, a rock crystal disk with petals and bronze. Four stone libation tables, three half-finished tables. The Town Mosaic plaques are a set of over 100 polychrome faience tiles which illustrate house facade), men, animals, trees and plants and maybe water. The pieces were found between in a fill deposit between an Old Palace period floor and an early Neopalatial period one. Evans thought they were originally pieces of inlay in a wooden chest, with a linked historical narrative—but there is no agreement about that in the scholarly community today. Excavation and Reconstruction The Palace at Knossos was first extensively excavated by Sir Arthur Evans, beginning in 1900. in the earliest years of the 20th century. One of the pioneers of the field of archaeology, Evans had a marvelous imagination and a tremendous creative fire, and he used his skills to create what you can go and see today at Knossos in northern Crete. Investigations have been conducted at Knossos off and on since then, most recently by the Knossos Kephala Project (KPP) beginning in 2005. Sources Angelakis A, De Feo G, Laureano P, and Zourou A. 2013. Minoan and Etruscan Hydro-Technologies. Water 5(3):972-987. Boileau M-C, and Whitley J. 2010. Patterns of Production and Consumption of Coarse to Semi-Fine Pottery at Early Iron Age Knossos. Annual of the British School at Athens 105:225-268. Grammatikakis G, Demadis KD, Melessanaki K, and Pouli P. 2015. Laser-assisted removal of dark cement crusts from mineral gypsum (selenite) architectural elements of peripheral monuments at Knossos. Studies in Conservation 60(sup1):S3-S11. Hatzaki E. 2009. Structured Deposition as Ritual Action at Knossos. Hesperia Supplements 42:19-30. Hatzaki E. 2013. The end of an intermezzo at Knossos: ceramic wares, deposits, and architecture in a social context. In: Macdonald CF, and Knappett C, editors. Intermezzo: Intermediacy and Regeneration in Middle Minoan III Palatial Crete. London: The British School at Athens. p 37-45. Knappett C, Mathioudaki I, and Macdonald CF. 2013. Stratigraphy and ceramic typology in the Middle Minoan III palace at Knossos. In: Macdonald CF, and Knappett C, editors. Intermezzo: Intermediacy and Regeneration in Middle Minoan III Palatial Crete. London: The British School at Athens. p 9-19. Momigliano N, Phillips L, Spataro M, Meeks N, and Meek A. 2014. A newly discovered Minoan faience plaque from the Knossos town mosaic in the Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery: a technological insight. Annual of the British School at Athens 109:97-110. Nafplioti A. 2008. â€Å"Mycenaean† political domination of Knossos following the Late Minoan IB destructions on Crete: negative evidence from strontium isotope ratio analysis (87Sr/86Sr). Journal of Archaeological Science 35(8):2307-2317. Nafplioti A. 2016. Eating in prosperity: First stable isotope evidence of diet from Palatial Knossos. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 6:42-52. Shaw MC. 2012. New light on the labyrinth fresco from the palace at Knossos. Annual of the British School at Athens 107:143-159. Schoep I. 2004. Assessing the role of architecture in conspicuous consumption in the Middle Minoan I-II periods. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 23(3):243-269. Shaw JW, and Lowe A. 2002. The Lost Portico at Knossos: The Central Court Revisited. American Journal of Archaeology 106(4):513-523. Tomkins P. 2012. Behind the horizon: Reconsidering the genesis and function of the First Palace at Knossos (Final Neolithic IV-Middle Minoan IB). In: Schoep I, Tomkins P, and Driessen J, editors. Back to the Beginning: Reassessing Social and Political Complexity on Crete during the Early and Middle Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books. p 32-80.

Essay on Family Analysis Project - 951 Words

Family Analysis Project Introduction I selected the family of A.G which is based on personal acquaintance for this project. I will complete a comprehensive analysis using the criteria that I will be describing in details in the proceeding paragraphs. These criteria includes description of the nuclear family form, sociocultural data, genogram and Ecomap, environment, communication, power structure, role structure, values, spiritual activities, socialization, adaptation and healthcare. Once assessment is complete, the nursing care plan will be utilized and interventions can be addressed. Description of Nuclear Family ` The family is made up of three members, a mother and her two sons. A.G and her husband are currently seeking a†¦show more content†¦Although A.G is a good communicator, her boys tends to be distracted most of the time when they are texting their friends or playing video games. Communication between A.G and her ex-husband is poor. Power structure Hierarchy - A.G is a single parent and therefore, she is the head of the household. She makes all of the decisions in the home. She pays all of the bills and decides how money is spent. She and her two sons always work together in taking care of the household chores. A.G sometimes discusses issues concerning the children with their father, but this leads to disagreements and power struggle most of the time. Power Bases- reward is used as a power base in the household. Angie frequently uses word of praises to motivate her children whenever her children complete their household chores and homework in a timely manner. Coalition - there is parent child coalition and this has helped they to maintain a healthy family environment. A.G and her two sons always work together in taking care of household chores. Role structure Formal roles are set up in such a way that every member of the family recognizes their duties and responsibilities in the home. Informal role takes place when the mother is not available. Spiritual activities - the family values their religion as a catholic. It is expected that the children attend church services with their mother everyShow MoreRelatedFamily Analysis Project Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Running head: N3352 LEGACY OF THE FAMILY N3352 Legacy of the Family: Family Analysis Project The University of Texas at Arlington School of Nursing In partial fulfillment of the requirements of N3352 Legacy of the Family Online RN-BSN Introduction The content of this paper is to thoroughly analyze the relationships and functionality of the family chosen to be studied and assessed. By assessing, incorporating the lessons taught throughout the past five weeks in thisRead MoreProject Management : A Buzzword Of The Modern Business World1312 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough projects can be found dating back hundreds and thousands of years, project management has become a buzzword in the modern business world. 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Gender Roles And Gender Responsibilities - 1116 Words

Gender roles and gender division in biological perspectives were an issue in global societies. Even in today’s societies depending on the geographical areas around the world, gender roles are socially divided. However other geographic countries completely equal, such as Iceland. Laws such as a third gender option at birth, then decision followed by the child. The third gender option would be judged negatively in some other geographic parts of our globally social societies. What kind of impact do gender roles have on our society? There has been many changes in gender roles recently. Feminist approach would say we have come far, however gender roles and gender division still exist in societies today. What are gender roles? Are gender roles a†¦show more content†¦This â€Å"masculinity† or â€Å"be a man† phrases were putting a lot of pressure on men. However it did have an impact on men who did get powerfully stronger. Most ruling class including worldwide presidents were male, so men rule the world now. Gender roles and gender division have shaped our minds for centuries even today men do not think they are equal to women and women rights are just as equal to men or they do not want to admit now that it is. What is being feminine? They described it soft, pretty, motherhood or a teacher or nurse. The day I was born I was socially expected to choose a career that fitted into my gender role. This has changed currently even though there is gender pay gap in our societies, now in most countries we can join the army which wasn’t even legal at the time and still is not in some societies. Looking at laws in United Kingdom government have tackled social gend er roles in society. Laws and regulations The most recent laws around gender roles that are laws to cut gender inequality. There are so many here are some: ï  ¶ â€Å"Equality act 2010. 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Amanda free essay sample

â€Å"Wait, what are these ‘UFO’ things?† I asked my mom as she put my three year old sister in a pair of awful plastic foot braces, also known as ankle-foot orthotics. â€Å"They’re called ‘AFOs,’ Haley. And before you know it, she’ll be running around the room with you!† answered my Nana. I learned that these mysterious ‘AFOs’ would be the great solution to all of my sister’s physical disabilities, and I began to run around the circular carpet in my grandma’s living room, imagining Amanda one day running alongside me. I had optimistic dreams of my family finally being able to do things like any â€Å"typical† American family, such as going to Disney or eating out at Friendly’s on a busy Friday. My sixteen-year-old sister Amanda was born seventeen months after I was born. In utero, however, she suffered a stroke, causing her to be diagnosed with cerebral palsy. We will write a custom essay sample on Amanda or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once she finally came into the world, I, of course, was too young to understand what was wrong with my new baby sister. To my two-year-old self, she looked like every other baby, though as the years passed, I began to notice how Amanda didn’t act like my friends, and how she was still in kindergarten as I moved on to the third grade. Soon, Amanda’s disability became a prominent aspect of my life, and as she got older, those â€Å"typical† American family activities became more difficult. Going out to dinner involved finding a place to park the wheelchair while Amanda impatiently waited for the food she believed would just arrive before her. There were numerous occasions when my sister pulled my hair, and all I could think was, â€Å"I bet those people think we’re insane.† And of course, family trips to Disneyworld were never easy, since all the rides I wanted involved either long lines or were not handicap accessible. As a little girl who had a penchant for getting what I wanted, a sister with disabilities was the last thing I needed. I used to think Amanda received special treatment and more attention due to her disability, and I believed that my parents never realized that maybe I too wanted my dad to hold me when he came home from work, just like he held my sister. Once on a family vacation, I was so annoyed that I had to share a bed with Amanda that I pinched her until she helplessly cried. My mom came running into the room with concern for both Amanda and me, which was exactly my devious four-year old plan. It wasn’t long before I realized that actions such as pinching Amanda were never going to solve anything, and like most things in life, you can’t always get what you want. I decided it was time to accept that fact, and I began to work my life around her needs by accepting them as an undeniable part of my life. Soon, I began to proudly declare that the girl in the wheelchair was my sister. While I may have once resented Amanda for the attention she required, I learned to empathize for all the simple things in life she can’t do that I often take for granted, like walking. I soon accepted the fact that I receive, and probably have always received, the same amount of love and care as my sister. Life with a sister with disabilities has presented me with challenges and experiences that I know most people will not face in their lifetime. As I grew up, I came to realize that Amanda is truly a blessing to my life. Although those AFO’s (and the many that followed) never helped her to walk, her comedic personality and loving nature bring so much joy to me. Because of Amanda, I have a greater understanding of others, especially those with disabilities and their families. I plan to utilize these skills by pursuing a career in either Music Therapy or Speech Pathology, where I hope to help children with disabilities grow and experience. Life with Amanda has shown me that instead of letting the annoyances of life get me down, I should find a way to grow through them and adapt them to my life as something I cannot change. I learned it is possible to benefit from any situation, whether it is positive or negative. Without the experiences that my sister has given me, I feel I would not be as strong of a person as I am today.

PGP Individual Use or Organizational Use an Example by

PGP: Individual Use or Organizational Use In order to answer the question of Is using an encrypted system like PGP a good idea of individuals and organizations? I need to first explain what PGP is. I would also like to present information pertaining to why PGP has been created, its purpose and another encryption system named S/MIME, which is PGPs current rival. Need essay sample on "PGP: Individual Use or Organizational Use" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed PGP or Pretty Good Privacy is a public-key encryption program. It uses three known algorithms to encrypt, sign, decrypt, and authenticate messages. It converts the digitally encoded message or signature into a format suitable for text transmission by use of `Radix-64. Because PGP operates with the use of asymmetric encryption `keys', only the intended recipient of the message may decrypt it. To use PGP, you must generate a pair of keys. One key is the public key; the other is the private key. The private key allows you to decrypt a message sent to you by some other user. To allow other users to encrypt a message intended only for you, you must provide them with a copy of your public key. A public key will not allow decryption of an encoded message. A special command issued to the PGP program begins a process of creating your own personalized pair of keys. You respond to the requests of PGP (to questions it asks) to generate those special keys for you. It will ask you for a pass phras e to allow the newly created private key to remain unusable by anyone but you. Additionally, PGP can be used to authenticate that a message was sent by the key holder of the message. By generating an electronic signature, the sender cannot deny that he sent the message. An example of this would be someone sending an email request for work to be performed and then later denying that he made the request. Certainly this could be a troubling situation for anyone who is in the business world. Most persons and companies like to get paid for their work. Upon receipt of the request, the sender's identity can be verified by using the sender's public key to confirm that the message was indeed sent by the party it appears to have come from. This feature certainly has some major benefits for the business world, which we will discuss in further into this paper. This is to be contrasted with S/MIME, which was developed by the IETF using classical Standards Organization processes, similar to PGP (Secure Multipurpose Internet Email Extensions). A new version of the MIME protocol that supports encryption of messages. S/MIME is based on RSA's public-key encryption technology. Specifies formatting non-ASCII messages so that they can be sent over the Internet. Many email clients now support MIME, which enables them to send and receive graphics, audio, and video files via the Internet mail system. There are many predefined MIME types, such as GIF graphics files and PostScript files. It is also possible to define your own MIME types. In addition to e-mail applications, Web browsers also support various MIME types. This enables the browser to display or output files that are not in HTML format. Now that I have explained what PGP is and how it works, let us identify the advantages and disadvantages it may have for either individual use or organizational use. PGP combines two encryption methods, the convenience of public-key encryption with the speed of conventional encryption. Its conventional encryption is about 100 to 1,000 times faster than public-key encryption, which solves the problem of slow encryption with symmetric algorithms. Public-key encryption provides a solution to key distribution and data transmission issues when using symmetric encryption. When used together, performance and key distribution are improved without any sacrifice in security. PGP is good hybrid solution; it ties together the advantages of public key and symmetric cryptography, while also providing a feasible solution to the disadvantages of both. PGP also has its disadvantages. Using PGP can be a complex process and its concept is often difficult for some people to grasp. In order to resolve this, people will require more training. Both parties must be able to use PGP, meaning it is impossible to use PGP unless people at both ends of the connection are capable of using some version of PGP. Though I read that PGP has resolved this by implementing a self-decrypting archive (SDA), which creates an executable file that uses conventional, symmetric encryption. Key management is a challenge at first within the program and can be a little awkward for users to learn. Again, providing users with more training will help resolve this issue. So now that I have informed you about the advantages and disadvantages PGP brings to the table, let us determine if the individual or the organization would best utilize this encryption method. From what we have learned, PGP is completely compatible with modern day email exchange. The individual user today already uses PGP, since it is the most common encryption standard. For organizations, PGP is definitely an option to consider, but today you will find the use of the above mentioned S/MIME encryption, due to its comparative maturity, support for centralized key management via x.509 certificate servers and widespread technical support. Works citied: http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ou/?p=89